Diabetes

Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors: New drug class in the treatment of Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction — DAPA-HF and EMPEROR-Reduced trials

By Tanveer Brar BSc BSc(Pharm) ACPR, Doson Chua BSc(Pharm) PharmD FCSHP BCPS BCCP, and Laura Atiyeh on January 13, 2021

Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In 2020, the prevalence of HF was approximately 64.34 million cases (8.52 per 1,000 inhabitants) worldwide and this number has been steadily increasing over time. There is compelling evidence to suggest that in individuals with HFrEF in the presence or absence of T2DM, both dapagliflozin and empagliflozin have profound effects on reduction of HF hospitalizations and possibly CV mortality.

Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: The TOPCAT and ALDO-DHF trials

By Dr. Mustafa Toma and Dr. Christopher Cheung on May 27, 2015

There are approximately 500,000 Canadians living with heart failure, and more than 10% in patients older than 65. Up to 50% of patients presenting with signs and symptoms of heart failure will have a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF or diastolic dysfunction). However, there is a lack of evidence for effective therapies in the management of HFpEF.

Incretin Safety: What is the Evidence?

By Dr. Breay Paty on February 18, 2015

Nausea can be a common side effect of GLP-1 receptor agonist, which can sometimes be dose limiting. However, this usually improves with time. As a new class of agents, evidence for the long-term safety of incretins is still emerging. Most of the safety questions involve cardiovascular (CV) risk, as well as pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer.

Diabetes and exercise

By Dr. Andrew Farquhar on May 14, 2012

I direct more effort to encouraging physical activity as a critical tool in the management of T2D. I emphasize a healthy diet but stress that weight loss is not the primary goal, exercise is.

Tailoring therapy for type 2 diabetes: the role of incretins

By Dr. Breay Paty on January 23, 2012

These oral agents, administered once daily, augment endogenous GLP-1, resulting in an A1C reduction of 0.5 – 0.9%. Since GLP-1 does not directly stimulate insulin, they have the advantage of not promoting hypoglycemia or weight gain.

This app changed my practice: Pocket A1C

By Dr. Steve Wong on July 20, 2011

In response to reader requests and the increasing interest in mobile apps, we are launching a series of articles highlighting useful iPhone apps. These will appear approximately once every three months.

New targets for Diabetes (A1C): Why we are aiming at 'only' 7 percent

By Dr. Breay Paty on June 20, 2011

Recent studies suggest that the relationship between glucose control (A1C) and cardiovascular disease is more complex than we may have realized.

New study on the use of erythropoietin stimulating agents in chronic kidney disease has made us evaluate the risk-benefit of ESA’s in CKD patients not on dialysis.

By Dr. Monica Beaulieu on June 14, 2010

The evidence strongly suggests that there is little to no benefit gained by raising the Hb over > 100g/L (and perhaps even lower) in diabetic patients with CKD not on dialysis.

What are the CV risks of TZDs: have the safety questions been answered?

By Dr. Breay Paty on April 15, 2010

Since their introduction, certain contraindications and side effects have been well known, including worsening heart failure, edema (including macular edema) and weight gain.