Children perinatally exposed to hepatitis C virus (HCV) in pregnancy have a 5-11% chance of becoming infected with HCV. Data suggests that a high proportion of infants exposed to HCV may be lost to care in the current system in BC. We recommend interventions to help identify and treat babies and infants exposed to HCV.
While liver biopsy is crucial in determining the stage of liver fibrosis in chronic liver disease, it is not the most accessible or appropriate test in most general practice settings. Non-invasive tests (NITs) for liver fibrosis, on the other hand, are more widely available and applicable to different liver conditions. NITs can be a useful tool in general practice to stratify high-risk patients who may require further investigations and referral to specialist care.
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is the most common autoimmune liver disease with an incidence of 1 in 1000 in women over age 40. For decades, the only evidence-based treatment was ursodeoxycholic acid. Unfortunately, the rate of inadequate response to UDCA is up to 40%. In 2017, Health Canada approved the use of obeticholic acid (OCA) for the treatment of PBC. UDCA remains first-line therapy for PBC with a long record of use and generic preparations but in non-responders, OCA treatment should be considered.
For the first time, since the identification of hepatitis C virus, the goal of HCV elimination is a tangible and achievable target mainly due to the availability of highly efficacious and well tolerated DAA regimens.
Alcoholic hepatitis (AH), perhaps more accurately described as alcohol-related cholestatic liver failure, is a clinical syndrome with high mortality. In severe AH at 28 days: 30-40%. STOPAH is a UK multi-centre, double-blind, randomized trial in severe AH to assess the effect of Prednisolone and/or Pentoxifylline on mortality at 28 days, and mortality or liver transplantation at 90 days and at one year.
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