There are currently no eye drops for presbyopia treatment that have been approved for use in Canada. In December 2021, pilocarpine hydrochloride 1.25% eye drops became the first drug approved by the FDA for the medical management of presbyopia. Pilocarpine is a miotic agent that uses the eyes’ natural ability to constrict the pupil via parasympathetic innervation. It has been shown to improve near-intermediate vision without impacting distance vision.
Acute onset of monocular flashes and/or floaters is a common presentation to primary care providers. Most often, this represents a posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), an age-related condition with a prevalence that increases from 24% in adults aged 50 to 59 to 87% among those aged 80 to 89 years.
Much difficulty is faced by clinicians in identifying DES as there is no single diagnostic tool to indicate the condition. Furthermore, patient symptoms do not always correlate with clinical exam findings. Rather, when diagnosing DES, the clinician must consider the full constellation of patient history combined with various clinical findings.
There are 2 major forms of Age-Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD). The dry form is characterized by drusen, pigmentary mottling and retinal and retinal pigment epithelial atrophy. The wet form is characterized by choroidal neovascular membranes (CNVM).
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